CHAPTER 2 ARTICLE 34 CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES  

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Art. 34. "When a member of a city or municipal police force refuses or fails to render aid or protection to any person in case of danger to life or property, such peace officer shall be primarily liable for damages, and the city or municipality shall be subsidiarily responsible therefor. The civil action herein recognized shall be independent of any criminal proceedings, and a preponderance of evidence shall suffice to support such 
action."

ADDITIONAL EXPLANATIONS/ARTICLES:


Republic of the Philippines

SUPREME COURT

Manila

EN BANC

G.R. No. 81476 July 26, 1991

COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Petitioner, vs. TANODBAYAN and LOLITA G. LEDESMA, Respondents.

SARMIENTO, J.:

The petition for certiorari assails the Resolution of the Office of the Tanodbayan in TBP Case No. 86-00357, entitled, "Commission on Audit v. Lolita G. Ledesma" which dismissed the complaint filed by the Commission on Audit through its Auditor I, Miss Helen G. Gaabucayan, and in effect discharged Lolita G. Ledesma from all liability.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
From the facts, we learn that in an audit on October 31, 1985 by Helen D. Gaabucayan of the period from April 27, 1985 to October 31, 1985, transactions involving receipts and disbursements of Trust Liability Account under Depository Account No. 345-8404963 were not recorded in any cashbook by the Cashier and not all were reported to the accounting section from April 17, 1981 to October 31, 1985.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
Verifications and cross checking of documents and records yielded the following alleged significant findings:

1. Incurrence of cash shortage amounting to P413,859.35 as of October 31, 1985 consisting of P390.85 on unliquidated cash advance for uniform allowance and P413,468.50 representing unrecorded cash advances/disbursements under the name of Mrs. Lolita Ledesma taken from Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 covering the period April 17, 1981 to October 31, 1985. In connection herewith, a demand letter for the production to this effect was issued and copy furnished the MOH Regional Director; chanrobles virtual law library
2. Some accountable forms acquired since April 13, 1981 consisting of 2,020 pieces commercial checks were not presented for inspections; neither were recorded or reported in the monthly report of accountability of accountable forms by the Cashier. Demand Letter for the production of this unaccounted accountable forms was issued; chanrobles virtual law library
3. The Cashier did not prepare and maintain Bank Cashbook (General Form No. 104) for all financial transactions (receipts and disbursements/withdrawals) under the Trust Liability Checking Depository Account No. 345-8404963 since the start of its operations; chanrobles virtual law library
4. The withdrawal and transfer of funds were made by the Cashier without supporting documents. The transfer was made from the BTR-Funded Depository Account No. 345-8400198 to Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 under check no. 287052 and 287053 dated July 23, 1985 amounting to P100,000.00 and P83,079.70, respectively. This transaction was likewise not recorded and reported in the cashbook and in the accounting records of the agency; chanrobles virtual law library
5. Receipts of funds from the UNICEF, WHO and the MOH Central Office which were deposited in the Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 were not issued with the corresponding official receipts by the Cashier in the amount of P1,430,481.65; chanrobles virtual law library
6. Some collections/receipts and disbursements made out of this Trust Liability Account No. 345-8404963 in addition to those mentioned in finding No. 1 were not reported and submitted by the Cashier to the accounting section for recording in the agency's books of accounts and for final submission to the Commission on Audit; chanrobles virtual law library
7. Returned checks and bank statements received by the Cashier from the PNB on Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 were held in the custody of the cashier's section and were not forwarded to the accounting section for purposes of bank reconciliation; chanrobles virtual law library
8. No bank reconciliation statements were prepared by the previous accountant under the finance division for the Trust Liability Depository Account No. 345-8404963 since the start of its operation; chanrobles virtual law library
9. The accountable officer did not reconcile her cashbook transactions and balance with the accounting records; chanrobles virtual law library
10. The official receipts issued by the Bukidnon General Hospital in acknowledgment of fund transfer from the MOH Regional Office did not reflect the actual date when payment was made. 1 chanrobles virtual law library
Because of the above findings, a complaint for Malversation of Public Funds 2 was filed against Ledesma.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
The Tanodbayan dismissed the complaint on the ground that the evidence could not establish a prima faciepresumption that respondent has put the alleged missing amounts to her personal use.
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Neither could she be said to have failed to render accounts because accordingly what she did not account for with the government was the UNICEF Funds which she had to liquidate directly with UNICEF Manila. Standing unrebutted sufficiently is respondents [sic] contention that . . . previous COA Auditors did not post-audit the disbursements, because they told me that UNICEF auditors would do the auditing. . . . (Par. 8 counter-affidavit). Nor could she be held under Article 220 of the Revised Penal Code because the transfer of the BTR Funded [Depository Account No. 345-8400198] amounting to P183,079.70 to Trust Depository Account [No. 345-8404963] does not appear illegal since it was authorized or sanctioned by her superior and there appears no specific showing that the BTR funded depository account is appropriated for any limited purpose only and could not be applied to other purpose of public service by the MOH (Ministry of Health). This is so notwithstanding the provisions of Section 106 of the State Audit Code of the Philippines, because in this law it is required that the payment, disposition or application must be illegal. 3 chanrobles virtual law library
On the basis of the foregoing, the petition for certiorari was filed:
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1. The Tanodbayan erred in admitting the certification issued by a Programme Officer of the UNICEF stating that the co-respondent is cleared of her accountabilities.
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2. It has also erred in ruling in the said Resolution that the co-respondent had in fact rendered liquidation of the UNICEF-Manila pursuant to the Guidelines for the Proposed Regionalization of Funding UNICEF Assisted Project.
xxx xxx xxx chanrobles virtual law library
3. It has also erred in ruling in a sweeping manner that the voluminous vouchers and payrolls presented to the auditor during the Preliminary Investigation should be taken (for) granted.
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4. It has also erred in ruling that the transfer of P183,079.70 from the BTR-Funded Depository Account No. 345-8400198 to Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 is not illegal. 4
xxx xxx xxx
We rule for the dismissal of the petition.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
It should be pointed out that the Tanodbayan's role in preliminary investigations is to determine the existence of aprima facie charge against a certain respondent.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
Article 217 of the Revised Penal Code provides that any public officer who by reason of the duties of his office, is accountable for public funds or property, shall appropriate the same, or shall take or misappropriate or shall consent, or through abandonment or negligence, shag permit any other person to take such public funds or property, wholly or partially, shall be guilty of misappropriation or malversation of such funds or property.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
In the present case, the respondent Ledesma was able to account for all funds received from the UNICEF including those allegedly missing.
The Summary of UNICEF Releases to Regional Health Office No. 10 for the period 1 April 1981 to 31 October 1985 dated 23 July 1986 by S.P. Santos, UNICEF Accountant (marked as Annex "X" for ready reference) showed the total amount of P888,852.41. Considering this amount which is bigger than the alleged unaccounted liability of P843,849.97 in relation to the UNICEF Certification dated 17 June 1986 (Annex "2") by Bituin Gonzales, Programme Officer to the effect that respondent Lolita G. Ledesma is cleared of her accountability of UNICEF funds for the period of 1975 to October 1985, it appears sound to conclude that respondent had in fact rendered liquidation of UNICEF Funds with UNICEF Manila office pursuant to the Guidelines for the Proposed Regionalization of Funding UNICEF Assisted Project (Annex "14").chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
It would likewise appear that the BTR-Funded Depository Account No. 345-8400198 transferred to Trust Depository Account No. 345-8404963 in the amount of P183,079.70 was allowed by respondent's superior "in order not to disrupt the then current projects" . . . . (Page 2, 3rd par. counter-affidavit of respondent). This amount is presumed by the Auditor to be within the total unaccounted liability of respondent. This is too sweeping unless the auditor would credit the voluminous vouchers and payrolls offered by respondent to be included in the audit but which were refused. 5 chanrobles virtual law library
The prima facie presumption under Article 217 of the Revised Penal Code arises only if the accuracy, correctness, and regularity of the audit findings and the fact that funds are missing are in issue. 6 chanrobles virtual law library
The general rule is that the resolutions of the Tanodbayan can not be brought to judicial review.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
Pres. Decree No. 1630 provides that:
Sec. 19. Tanodbayan's Immunities.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
(a) No proceeding, opinion or expression of the Tanodbayan or any member of his staff shall be reviewable in any Court; 7 chanrobles virtual law library
The immunity is intended to boost the Tanodbayan in carrying out its functions without much delay and pressure, being a constitutional body tasked with seeing to it that public accountability of government employees is properly exercised. 8 chanrobles virtual law library
It is evident that the petitioner's arguments are anchored on the Tanodbayan's proper appreciation of the facts. Time and again we have held that the Supreme Court is not a trier of facts, more so in the consideration of the extraordinary writ of certiorari where neither questions of fact nor even of law are entertained 9 but only questions of lack or excess of jurisdiction or grave abuse of discretion. 10 chanrobles virtual law library
Grave abuse of discretion means such capricious and whimsical exercise of judgment as is equivalent to lack of jurisdiction. It must be so patent and gross as to amount to an evasion of positive duty or to a virtual refusal to perform the duty enjoined by or to act at all in contemplation of law. 11 chanrobles virtual law library
We find no grave abuse of discretion committed by the public respondent in this case.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the petition for certiorari is hereby DISMISSED.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary chanrobles virtual law library
SO ORDERED.

Fernan, C.J., Narvasa, Melencio-Herrera, Gutierrez, Jr., Cruz, Paras, Feliciano, Gancayco, Padilla, Bidin, Griño-Aquino, Medialdea, Regalado and Davide, Jr., JJ., concur.




Endnotes:



1 Rollo, 5-6.chanrobles virtual law library
2 REV. PENAL CODE, Art. 217.chanrobles virtual law library
3 Resolution, COA v. Ledesma, TBP Case No. 86-00367, April 3, 1987.chanrobles virtual law library
4 Rollo, 1-2; Petition for Certiorari filed by the Commission on Audit.chanrobles virtual law library
5 Rollo, 10-11; Resolution, COA v. Ledesma, TBP Case No. 8600357, supra, note 3 at 7-8.chanrobles virtual law library
6 Tinga v. People, No. 57650, April 15, 1988, 160 SCRA 483; Quizon v. Sandiganbayan, No. 77120, April 6, 1987, 149 SCRA 113.chanrobles virtual law library
7 July 18, 1979.chanrobles virtual law library
8 CONST., Art. XI, sec. 5-14; See Inting v. Tanodbayan, Nos. 52446-48, May 15, 1980, 97 SCRA 494-500.chanrobles virtual law library
9 Sime Darby Pilipinas, Inc. v. Magsalin, G.R. No. 90426, December 15, 1989, 180 SCRA 182.chanrobles virtual law library
10 REVISED RULES OF COURT, Rule 65, sec. 1.chanrobles virtual law library
11 See Carson et al. v. Judge Pantanosas, Jr., G.R. No. 75934, December 15, 1989, 180 SCRA 155; Argulles v. Yang, G.R. No. 59880, September 11, 1987, 153 SCRA 697, citing Tavera-Luna v. Nable, 67 Phil. 340.

Congress of the Philippines
Twelfth Congress

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155
August 11, 2001

AN ACT INSTITUTING A FRAME WORK OF GOVERNANCE FOR BASIC EDUCATION, ESTABLISHING AUTHORITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, RENAMING THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS AS THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
Sec. 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001."
Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It is hereby declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality basic education and to make such education accessible to all by providing all Filipino children a free and compulsory education in the elementary level and free education in the high school level. Such education shall also include alternative learning systems for out-of-school youth and adult learners. It shall be the goal of basic education to provide them with the skills, knowledge and values they need to become caring, seIf-reliant, productive and patriotic citizens.
The school shall be the heart of the formal education system. It is where children learn. Schools shall have a single aim of providing the best possible basic education for all learners.
Governance of basic education shall begin at the national level it is at the regions, divisions, schools and learning centers herein referred to as the field offices - where the policy and principle for the governance of basic education shall be translated into programs, projects and services developed, adapted and offered to fit local needs.
The State shall encourage local initiatives for improving the quality of basic education. The State shall ensure that the values, needs and aspirations of a school community are reflected in the program of education for the children, out-of-school youth and adult learners. Schools and learning centers shall be empowered to make decisions on what is best for the learners they serve.
Sec. 3. Purposes and Objectives. - The purposes and objectives of this Act are:
(a) To provide the framework for the governance of basic education which shall set the general directions for educational policies and standards and establish authority, accountability and responsibility for achieving higher learning outcomes;
(b) To define the roles and responsibilities of and provide resources to, the field offices which shall implement educational programs, projects and services in communities they serve;
(c) To make schools and learning centers the most important vehicle for the teaching and learning of national values and for developing in the Filipino learners love of country and pride in its rich heritage;
(d) To ensure that schools and learning centers receive the kind of focused attention they deserve and that educational programs, projects and services take into account the interests of all members of the community;
(e) To enable the schools and learning centers to reflect the values of the community by allowing teachers/learning facilitators and other staff to have the flexibility to serve the needs of all learners;
(f) To encourage local initiatives for the improvement of schools and learning centers and to provide the means by which these improvements may be achieved and sustained; and
(g) To establish schools and learning centers as facilities where schoolchildren are able to learn a range of core competencies prescribed for elementary and high school education programs or where the out-of-school youth and adult learners are provided alternative learning programs and receive accreditation for at least the equivalent of a high school education.
Sec. 4. Definition of Terms. - For purposes of this Act, the terms or phrases used shall mean or be understood as follows:
(a) Alternative Learning System -is a parallel learning system to provide a viable alternative to the existing formal education instruction. It encompasses both the nonformal and informal sources of knowledge and skills;
(b) Basic Education - is the education intended to meet basic learning needs which lays the foundation on which subsequent learning can be based. It encompasses early childhood, elementary and high school education as well as alternative learning systems four out-of-school youth and adult learners and includes education for those with special needs;
(c) Cluster of Schools - is a group of schools which are geographically contiguous and brought together to improve the learning outcomes;
(d) Formal Education - is the systematic and deliberate process of hierarchically structured and sequential learning corresponding to the general concept of elementary and secondary level of schooling. At the end of each level, the learner needs a certification in order to enter or advance to the next level;
(e) Informal Education - is a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires and accumulates knowledge, skills, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, at work, at play and from life itself;
(f) Integrated School. - is a school that offers a complete basic education in one school site and has unified instructional program;
(g) Learner - is any individual seeking basic literacy skills and functional life skills or support services for the improvement of the quality of his/her life;
(h) Learning Center - is a physical space to house learning resources and facilities of a learning program for out-of-school youth and adults. It is a venue for face-to-face learning and activities and other learning opportunities for community development and improvement of the people's quality of life;
(i) Learning Facilitator - is the key learning support person who is responsible for supervising/facilitating the learning process and activities of the learner;
(j) Non-Formal Education - is any organized, systematic educational activity carried outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population;
(k) Quality Education - is the appropriateness, relevance and excellence of the education given to meet the needs and aspirations of an individual and society;
(I) .School - is an educational institution, private and public, undertaking educational operation with a specific age-group of pupils or students pursuing defined studies at defined levels, receiving instruction from teachers, usually located in a building or a group of buildings in a particular physical or cyber site; and
(m) .School Head - is a person responsible for the administrative and instructional supervision of the school or cluster of schools.
CHAPTER 1
GOVERNANCE OF BASIC EDUCATION


Sec. 5. Principles of Shared Governance. - (a) Shared governance is a principle which recognizes that every unit in the education bureaucracy has a particular role, task and responsibility inherent in the office and for which it is principally accountable for outcomes;
(b) The process of democratic consultation shall be observed in the decision-making process at appropriate levels. Feedback mechanisms shall be established to ensure coordination and open communication of the central office with the regional, division and school levels;
(c) The principles of accountability and transparency shall be operationalized in the performance of functions and responsibilities at all levels; and
(d) The communication channels of field offices shall be strengthened to facilitate flow of information and expand linkages with other government agencies, local government units and nongovernmental organizations for effective governance.
Sec. 6. Governance. - The Department of Education, Culture and Sports shall henceforth be called the Department of Education. It shall be vested with authority, accountability and responsibility for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and improving the quality of basic education. Arts, culture and sports shall be as provided for in Sections 8 and 9 hereof.
Sec. 7. Powers, Duties and Functions. - The Secretary of the Department of Education shall exercise overall authority and supervision over the operations of the Department.
A. National Level In addition to his/her powers under existing laws, the Secretary of Education shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
(1) Formulating national educational policies;
(2) Formulating a national basic education plan;
(3) Promulgating national educational Standards;
(4) Monitoring and assessing national learning outcomes;
(5) Undertaking national educational research and studies;
(6) Enhancing the employment status, professional competence, welfare and working conditions of all personnel of the Department; and
(7) Enhancing the total development of learners through local and national programs and/or projects.
The Secretary of Education shall be assisted by not more than four (4) undersecretaries and not more than four (4) assistant secretaries whose assignments, duties and responsibilities shall be governed by law. There shall be at least one undersecretary and one assistant secretary who shall be career executive service officers chosen from among the staff of the Department.
B. Regional Level
There shall be as many regional offices as may be provided by law. Each regional office shall have a director, an assistant director and an office staff for program promotion and support, planning, administrative and fiscal services.
Consistent with the national educational policies, plans and standards, the regional director shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
(1) Defining a regional educational policy framework which reflects the values, needs and expectations of the communities they serve;
(2) Developing a regional basic education plan;
(3) Developing regional educational standards with a view towards bench-marking for international competitiveness;
(4) Monitoring, evaluating and assessing regional learning outcomes;
(5) Undertaking research projects and developing and managing region wide projects which may be funded through official development assistance and/or or other finding agencies;
(6) Ensuring strict compliance with prescribed national criteria for the recruitment, selection and training of all staff in the region and divisions.
(7) Formulating, in coordination with the regional development council, the budget to support the regional educational plan which shall take into account the educational plans of the divisions and districts;
(8) Determining the organization component of the divisions and districts and approving the proposed staffing pattern of all employees in the divisions and districts;
(9) Hiring, placing and evaluating all employees in the regional office, except for the position of assistant director;
(10) Evaluating all schools division superintendents and assistant division superintendents in the region;
(II) Planning and managing the effective and efficient use of all personnel, physical and fiscal resources of the regional office, including professional staff development.;
(12) Managing the database and management information system of the region;
(13) Approving the establishment of public and private elementary and high schools and learning centers; and
(14) Preforming such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities.
C. Division Level
A division shall consist of a province or a city which shall have a schools division superintendent, at least one assistant schools division superintendent and an office staff for programs promotion, planning, administrative, fiscal, legal, ancillary and other support services.
Consistent with the national educational policies, plans and standards the schools division superintendents shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
(1) Developing and implementing division education development plans;
(2) Planning and managing the effective and efficient use of all personnel, physical and fiscal resources of the division, including professional staff development;
(3) Hiring, placing and evaluating all division supervisors and schools district supervisors as well as all employees in the division, both teaching and non-teaching personnel, including school heads, except for the assistant division superintendent;
(4) Monitoring the utilization of funds provided by the national government and the local government units to the schools and learning centers;
(5) Ensuring compliance of quality standards for basic education programs and for this purpose strengthening the role of division supervisors as subject area specialists;
(6) Promoting awareness of and adherence by all schools and learning centers to accreditation standards prescribed by the Secretary of Education;
(7) Supervising the operations of all public and private elementary, secondary and integrated schools, and learning centers; and
(8) Performing such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities.
D. Schools District Level
Upon the recommendation of the schools division superintendents, the regional director may establish additional schools district within a schools division. School districts already existing at tile time of the passage of the law shall be maintained. A schools district shall have a schools district supervisor and an office staff for program promotion.
The schools district supervisor shall be responsible for:
(1) Providing professional and instructional advice and support to the school heads and teachers/facilitators of schools and learning centers in the district or cluster thereof;
(2) Curricula supervision; and
(3) Performing such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities.
E. School Level
There shall be a school head for all public elementary schools and public high schools or a cluster thereof. The establishment of integrated schools from existing public elementary and public high schools shall be encouraged.
The school head, who may be assisted by an assistant school head, shall be both an instructional leader and administrative manager. The school head shall form a them with the school teachers/learning facilitators for delivery of quality educational programs, projects and services. A core of nonteaching staff shall handle the school's administrative, fiscal and auxiliary services.
Consistent with the national educational policies, plans and standards, the school heads shall have authority, accountability and responsibility for the following:
(1) Setting the mission, vision, goals and objectives of the school;
(2) Creating an environment within the school that is conducive to teaching and learning;
(3) Implementing the school curriculum and being accountable for higher learning outcomes;
(4) Developing the school education program and school improvement plan;
(5) Offering educational programs, projects and services which provide equitable opportunities for all learners in the community;
(6) Introducing new and innovative modes of instruction to achieve higher learning outcomes;
(7) Administering and managing all personnel, physical and fiscal resources of the school;
(8) Recommending the staffing complement of the school based on its needs;
(9) Encouraging staff development;
(10) Establishing school and community networks and encouraging the active participation of teachers organizations, nonacademic personnel of public schools, and parents-teachers-community associations;
(11) Accepting donations, gifts, bequests and grants for the purpose of upgrading teachers' learning facilitators' competencies, improving ad expanding school facilities and providing instructional materials and equipment. Such donations or grants must be reported to the appropriate district supervisors and division superintendents; and
(12) Performing such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities.
The Secretary of Education shall create a promotions board, at the appropriate levels, which shall formulate and implement a system of promotion for schools decision supervisors, schools district supervisors, and school heads. Promotion of school heads shall be based on educational qualification, merit and performance rather than on the number of teachers/learning facilitators and learners in the school.
The qualifications, salary grade, status of employment and welfare and benefits of school heads shall be the same for public elementary, secondary and integrated schools.
No appointment to the positions of regional directors, assistant regional directors, schools division superintendents and assistant schools division superintendents shall be made unless file appointee is a career executive service officer who preferably shall have risen from the ranks.
CHAPTER 2
TRANSFER OF CULTURAL AGENCIES

Sec. 8. Cultural Agencies. - The Komisyon ng Wikang Pilipino, National Historical Institute, Records Management and Archives Office and the National Library shall now be administratively attached to the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and no loner with the Department of Education. The program for school arts and culture shall remain part of the school curriculum.
CHAPTER 3
ABOLITION OF THE BUREAU OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SCHOOL SPORTS

Section 9. Abolition of BPESS. - All functions, programs and activities of the Department of Education related to sports competition shall be transferred to the Philippine Sports Commission (PSC). The program for school sports and physical fitness shall remain part of the basic education curriculum.
The Bureau of Physical Education and School Sports (BPESS) is hereby abolished. The personnel of the BPESS, presently detailed with the PSC, are hereby transferred to the PSC without loss of rank, including the plantilla positions they occupy. All other BPESS personnel shall be retained by the Department.
CHAPTER 4
SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE OF OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

Sec. 10. The Secretary of Education and the Secretary of Budget and Management shall, within ninety (90) days from the approval of this Act, jointly promulgate the guidelines on the allocation, distribution and utilization of resources provided by thenational government for the field offices, taking into consideration the uniqueness of the working conditions of the teaching service.
The Secretary of the Department of Education shall ensure that resources appropriated for the field offices are adequate and that resources for school personnel, school desks and textbooks and other instructional materials intended are allocated directly and released immediately by the Department of Budget and Management to said offices.
Sec. 11. The Secretary of the Department of Education, subject to civil service laws and regulations, shall issue appropriate personnel policy rules and regulations that will best meet the requirements of the teaching profession taking into consideration the uniqueness of the working conditions of the teaching service.
Sec. 12. The Commission on Audit, in the issuance of audit rules and regulations that will govern the utilization of all resources as well as the liquidation, recording and reporting thereof, shall take into account the different characteristics and distinct features of the department's field offices, its organizational set up as well as the nature of the operations of schools and learning centers.
CHAPTER 5
FINAL PROVISIONS

Sec. 13. Governance in the ARMM; - The Regional Education Secretary for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) shall exercise similar governance authority over the divisions, districts, schools and learning centers in the region as may be provided in the Organic Act. without prejudice to the provisions of Republic Act No. 9054, entitled "An Act to Strengthen and Expand tile Organic Act for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act No.6734, entitled' An Act Providing for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, as amended"'.
Sec. 14. Rules and Regulations. - The Secretary of Education shall promulgate the implementing rules and regulations within ninety (90) days after the approval of this Act: Provided, That the Secretary of Education shall fully implement the principle of shared governance within two (2) years after the approval of this Act.
Sec. 15. Separability Clause. - If for any reason, any portion or provision of this Act shall be declared unconstitutional, other parts or provisions hereof which are not affected thereby shall continue to be in full force and effect.
Sec. 16 Repealing Clause. - All laws, decrees, executive orders, rules and regulations, part or parts thereof, inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.
Sec. 17. Effectivity Clause. - This Act. shall take effect fifteen (15) days following its publication in at least two (2) newspapers of general circulation.
Approved:
(Sgd)

FRANKLIN M. DRILON
President of the Senate


(Sgd)

JOSE DE VENECIA, JR.
Speaker of the House of Representatives


(Sgd)

OSCAR G. YARES
Secretary of the Senate


(Sgd)

ROBERTO P. NAZARENO

Secretary General

House of Representatives


Approved: August 11, 2001

(Sgd)


GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO

President of the Philippines




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